Safety inspection according to EN 16005
EN 16005 describes, similar to the German DIN 18650, the requirements and test methods for the safety in use of automatic doors. It is a supporting standard for the EN 16361 product standard.
EN 16005 applies to automatic sliding, folding, swing and revolving doors. It does not apply to high-speed doors (Speedcord).
2.1 General and additional requirements
2.1.1 Detection zone for sensor activation
Care must be taken to provide a sufficient number of automatic release devices (sensors) for the various door types at the correct locations.
The detection zone must not be less than 1,500 mm away in the direction of escape for doors for escape and rescue routes, and if possible 1,000 mm for all other doors. Measured from the center of the opening width of the door. The detection area must cover at least the entire opening width of the door.
On doors in escape routes and at emergency exits, a RAD 290 or RIC 290 combination sensor (performance level "d") must be used on the inside.
The sensors must be set correctly during commissioning.
Reference Documents:
- 102-290110920 – Assembly and adjustment instructions RIC 290
- 102-290110206 – Assembly and adjustment instructions RAD 290
Example sensors (Refer to original manual for diagram)
For technical reasons, alternative sensors are used in some installations.
2.1.2 Additional requirements for doorsets in escape routes and emergency exits
If an operating mode selector switch is used, the operating mode must be clearly identified and marked on it.
If the operating mode "Locked" is possible, the operating mode must be protected, e.g. by an access code or a key, so that changes can only be made by authorized personnel.
Locking the control unit
| Action | Result/Description |
|---|---|
| Locking |
|
| Unlocking |
|
Use the System 20 RED with additional operating unit BDE-V (night interlock with key switch).
2.1.3 Signage
Transparent door leaves or leaf surfaces must be clearly identifiable, e.g. by permanent marking, suitable labeling or use of colored materials.
2.1.4 Guards
Protective measures such as housings, covers, enclosures or fixed protective leaves must be designed in such a way that:
- persons cannot reach danger points located at a height of up to 2.5 m above the upper edge of the floor;
- they can be removed or opened only with the help of a tool.
This requirement is achieved by securing the casing or protective leaf.
2.1.5 Commissioning and information for use
- After commissioning, the operator must be instructed.
- He shall be provided with operating instructions including instructions for routine maintenance.
- The recommended minimum frequency of maintenance and checking of safety functions is 1x per year and must be performed by authorized and trained persons.
- Furthermore, it is required that the maintenance is recorded in an inspection book, which is handed over to the operator.
2.2 Terms and definitions
- Powered pedestrian door
- Door for pedestrian passage only with one or more wings that is moved, at least in one direction, by an external energy supply (e.g. electrically) or by means of stored energy.
- Revolving door
- Powered pedestrian door with one or more wings connected to a common vertical axis of rotation within an enclosure.
- Sliding swing door
- Powered pedestrian door with a pivot point, through which the wings are pushed sideways and can simultaneously perform rotational movement.
- Swing door
- Powered pedestrian door with a wing which is hinged or pivoted at one side which opens both ways.
- Folding doors
- Door with two or more interconnected hinged wings, whereby one side of a wing is hinged or pivoted from the upright frame part.
- Sliding doors
- Powered pedestrian door with one or more wings, which moves horizontally and parallel in its guides to the adjoining construction.
- Powered pedestrian door with low energy drive
- Powered pedestrian door with limited kinetic energy.
- Pivot fitting (Break-Out)
- System whereby door wings and/or side screens can be pushed open manually in the direction of escape.
- Monitoring system
- System that checks and verifies the correct functioning of another system and in the event of any malfunctioning of that system switches the powered door to a selected safe mode of operation.
- Activator - impulse generator
- Means by which the power operation of the door is started.
- Cycle
- Movement consisting of an opening and closing movement. For revolving doors a cycle means a passage.
- Lintel
- Horizontal structural member spanning an opening at its head to carry a load above the opening.
- Side screen
- Fixed construction that can be part of a powered pedestrian door assembly.
- Track
- Component or assembly designed to guide or support a door wing when it moves.
- Leading mullion - front post
- Door mullion at the first point at which a wing of a powered revolving door passes the curved screens.
- Trailing mullion - trailing post
- Door mullion at the last point at which a wing of a revolving door passes the curved screens.
- Fire door
- A generic term used in this standard EN 16005 for fire resistance doors and/or smoke control doors. For complete definition of Fire Resisting Doors and Smoke Control Doors see EN 14600.
- Main closing edge
- Edge of a door wing, whose distance from the parallel opposing closing edge or opposing surface determines the usable open width.
- Opposing / counter closing edge
- Closing edge formed by the main closing edge of opposing closing wing, a fixed edge or a surface, against which the wing moves (i.e. frame, floor).
- Secondary closing edge
- Every other closing edge of the door wing, which is not the main or opposing closing edge.
2.3 Swing doorsets
Automatical swing doorsets must be provided with extra safety devices.
2.3.1 Protection during opening and closing cycles
The standard EN 16005 stipulates that a person must be detected on both sides of the door during the closing cycle.
- The CA reference body (700 x 300 x 200 mm) must be detected at any point in an area as wide as the doorway and extending over a distance of 200 mm on both sides of the door axle.
- Devices to protect against the danger of crushing and impact between the door leaf and the adjacent parts of the surroundings shall be provided during the opening and the closing cycles.
- presence sensors in the zone to be protected
- sufficient safety distances
- low energy movement
- activation mat
Solution: Safety devices on the door leaf
2.3.2 Monitored zones at the primary closing edge
Minimum width of doorset leaf to be protected vs. radius of doorset and doorset travelling time
Key:
- 1: protective device
- 2: fast area
- 3: slow area
- 4: r slow area
- 5: r doorset
- 6: d protected
| Time [s] | 1 | 1.5 | 2 | 2.5 | 3 | 3.5 | 4 | 4.5 | 5 | 5.5 | 6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| r slow area [m] | 0.16 | 0.24 | 0.32 | 0.40 | 0.48 | 0.56 | 0.64 | 0.72 | 0.80 | 0.88 | 0.95 |
| r doorset [m] | d protected [m] | ||||||||||
| 0.70 | 0.54 | 0.46 | 0.38 | 0.30 | 0.22 | 0.14 | 0.06 | - | - | - | - |
| 0.80 | 0.64 | 0.56 | 0.48 | 0.40 | 0.32 | 0.24 | 0.16 | 0.08 | - | - | - |
| 0.90 | 0.74 | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.50 | 0.42 | 0.34 | 0.26 | 0.18 | 0.10 | 0.02 | - |
| 1.00 | 0.84 | 0.76 | 0.68 | 0.60 | 0.52 | 0.44 | 0.36 | 0.28 | 0.20 | 0.12 | 0.05 |
| 1.10 | 0.94 | 0.86 | 0.78 | 0.70 | 0.62 | 0.54 | 0.46 | 0.38 | 0.30 | 0.22 | 0.15 |
| 1.20 | 1.04 | 0.96 | 0.88 | 0.80 | 0.72 | 0.64 | 0.56 | 0.48 | 0.40 | 0.32 | 0.25 |
| 1.30 | 1.14 | 1.06 | 0.98 | 0.90 | 0.82 | 0.74 | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.50 | 0.42 | 0.35 |
| 1.40 | 1.24 | 1.16 | 1.08 | 1.00 | 0.92 | 0.84 | 0.76 | 0.68 | 0.60 | 0.52 | 0.45 |
| 1.50 | 1.34 | 1.26 | 1.18 | 1.10 | 1.02 | 0.94 | 0.86 | 0.78 | 0.70 | 0.62 | 0.55 |
| 1.60 | 1.44 | 1.36 | 1.28 | 1.20 | 1.12 | 1.04 | 0.96 | 0.88 | 0.80 | 0.72 | 0.65 |
| 1.70 | 1.54 | 1.46 | 1.38 | 1.30 | 1.22 | 1.14 | 1.06 | 0.98 | 0.90 | 0.82 | 0.75 |
| 1.80 | 1.64 | 1.56 | 1.48 | 1.40 | 1.32 | 1.24 | 1.16 | 1.08 | 1.00 | 0.92 | 0.85 |
2.3.3 Protective measures at secondary closing edge (hinges)
Danger zones between the door wing and door frame, up to a height of 2.5 m, pose danger to the fingers.
Danger zones must be eliminated either by design, by appropriate safeguards, or by protective measures.
Solution: Protective measures with detection, Rubber or textile safeguards.
2.3.4 Safety distances
Dimensions in millimetres. Refer to original diagram.
Key:
- Rubber cover
- Rubber or textile cover
- Profile
2.3.5 Safety distances in the detection field (with radar motion sensor)
Attention shall be paid to the provision and positioning of sufficient automatic activation devices for different types of doorsets.
In case of swing doorsets opening against the direction of travel, a minimum depth of 1000 mm before the totally open door leaf should be observed.
2.3.6 Low-energy movements for swing door drive
When using a low-energy drive, in the event of any interruption of mains power or failure of the drive, it shall be possible to open the doorset with a manual force not exceeding 67 N to release a latch and 90 N to set the door in motion - or max. 67 N to swing the door to the fully-open position.
The force is applied to the main closing edge and is measured vertically to its direction of travel.
Annex F of standard EN 16005 states the allowable speed settings for low-energy drives. They are calculated according to the mass of the doorset leaf and the doorset width, in which the kinetic energy of a doorset in motion shall not exceed 1.69 J.
Low energy movement of the doorset is generally not protected with additional protective devices. The application of force by kinetic energy is not considered to be hazardous. However, it should be determined according to the situation whether the residual risk is also low to elderly, frail and disabled users.
For swing doorsets a static closing force up to 150 N is allowed when the gap between the main closing edge and the counter closing edge is ≤ 8 mm.
2.3.7 Additional requirements
Opening time: Doorsets shall open from closed to back check, or 80° whichever occurs first, in 3 s or longer as required in the table below.
Closing time: The minimum closing time from 90° to 10° open (+ min. 1.5 s from 10° to 0°) shall be adjusted on site according to the table below. The times are to be checked with an appropriate measuring device (e.g. stop watch).
| Width of doorset leaf [mm] | Mass of doorset leaf (kg) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 150 | 160 | |
| 750 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 4.5 |
| 850 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
| 1000 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 6.0 |
| 1200 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.5 | - | ||
| 1300 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.5 | - | ||||
| 1400 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.5 | - | |||||
Time values for time are rounded up to the next half second.